Early Acts of Appeasement
The Failures of the League of Nations
- USA doesn't join
- Germany joins in 1926 - pulls out in 1933
- Lack of enforcement (Only economic sanctions)
- Closely linked with the Treaty of Versailles
- Nationalism too strong (big guys don't want little guys to tell them what t do)
- Appeasement only makes the agressor more aggressive
- USA doesn't join
- Germany joins in 1926 - pulls out in 1933
- Lack of enforcement (Only economic sanctions)
- Closely linked with the Treaty of Versailles
- Nationalism too strong (big guys don't want little guys to tell them what t do)
- Appeasement only makes the agressor more aggressive
Japan in Manchuria
- Japan owns South Manchurian railway
- Military operation in 1931 claiming Manchuria (renamed Manchukuo)
- 1932 – League’s Lytton commission decides Japan to leave
- Japan quits the league - invades northern China, 1933
- League decides this conflict has no effect on Europe – ignores situation
- Two men in Europe take notice
- Hitler & Mussolini
- Shows that the league really has no bearing on situations
- Military operation in 1931 claiming Manchuria (renamed Manchukuo)
- 1932 – League’s Lytton commission decides Japan to leave
- Japan quits the league - invades northern China, 1933
- League decides this conflict has no effect on Europe – ignores situation
- Two men in Europe take notice
- Hitler & Mussolini
- Shows that the league really has no bearing on situations
Japan in Manchuria Map
ITALY IN ABYSSINIA (Ethiopia 1935)
- Italy had interest in Abyssinia since 1895
- Mussolini had intent to expand his empire
- Imperialism
- 1934: Incident is set up resulting in Italians being killed
- Ethiopia appealed to the League
- Mussolini had intent to expand his empire
- Imperialism
- 1934: Incident is set up resulting in Italians being killed
- Ethiopia appealed to the League
The End of the League of Nations
- League does not respond - Italy invades
- Economic sanctions threatened by League
- Hoare-Laval plan gives most of Ethiopia to Italy if fighting stopped
- Plan undermines the league
- People lose interest - Mussolini completes conquest
- Signals end of the league (still exists until 1945)
- By 1935, League becomes irrelevant and deals with no world affairs
- Economic sanctions threatened by League
- Hoare-Laval plan gives most of Ethiopia to Italy if fighting stopped
- Plan undermines the league
- People lose interest - Mussolini completes conquest
- Signals end of the league (still exists until 1945)
- By 1935, League becomes irrelevant and deals with no world affairs
GERMAN REARMAMENT
- Militarizes the Rhineland
- 1935 Hitler introduces conscription in Germany
- Compulsory Military service
- France, Britain & Italy form the Stresa Front to condemn Hitler's actions
- Point out that Hitler is breaking the Treaty of Versailles
- Didn't really take any action however
- 1935: Mussolini signs Naval Agreement with Hitler
- March 1936: Hitler remilitarizes the Rhineland
- (Broke the Locarno Pact)
- 1935 Hitler introduces conscription in Germany
- Compulsory Military service
- France, Britain & Italy form the Stresa Front to condemn Hitler's actions
- Point out that Hitler is breaking the Treaty of Versailles
- Didn't really take any action however
- 1935: Mussolini signs Naval Agreement with Hitler
- March 1936: Hitler remilitarizes the Rhineland
- (Broke the Locarno Pact)
Quotation
“To be sure, this so-called passive resistance as such could not be maintained for long. For only a man totally ignorant of warfare could imagine that occupying armies can be frightened away by such ridiculous means.” - Adolf Hitler
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Summary
Appeasement only makes the agressor more aggressive. The fact that the league really has no bearing on situations is revealed. Germany begins to rearm forces, breaking the Locarno Pact and change ensues.